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Cachexia bụ ọrịa sistemu na-ebute site na mbelata ibu, akwara na atrophy anụ ahụ adipose, yana mbufụt nke sistem. Cachexia bụ otu n'ime nsogbu ndị na-akpata ọnwụ na ndị ọrịa cancer. Na mgbakwunye na ọrịa kansa, cachexia nwere ike ịkpata ọrịa dị iche iche na-adịghị ala ala, ọrịa ndị na-adịghị njọ, gụnyere nkụchi obi, ọdịda akụrụ, ọrịa akpa ume na-adịghị ala ala, ọrịa akwara ozi, AIDS, na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. A na-eme atụmatụ na ọnụọgụ cachexia na ndị ọrịa kansa nwere ike iru 25% ruo 70%, nke na-emetụta ụdị ndụ ndị ọrịa nke ukwuu (QOL) ma na-eme ka nsị na-emetụta ọgwụgwọ ka njọ.

Ntinye aka nke cachexia nke ọma dị oke mkpa maka imeziwanye ndụ ndụ yana amụma ndị ọrịa cancer. Otú ọ dị, n'agbanyeghị ọganihu ụfọdụ na ọmụmụ nke usoro pathophysiological nke cachexia, ọtụtụ ọgwụ ndị e mepụtara na-adabere na usoro ndị nwere ike ime bụ nanị akụkụ dị irè ma ọ bụ na-adịghị arụ ọrụ. Ugbu a enweghị ọgwụgwọ dị irè nke nchịkwa nri na ọgwụ US (FDA) kwadoro.

Enwere ọtụtụ ihe kpatara ọdịda nke ule ụlọ ọgwụ na cachexia, na isi ihe kpatara ya nwere ike ịdabere na enweghị nghọta nke ọma nke usoro na usoro okike nke cachexia. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, Prọfesọ Xiao Ruiping na onye nchọpụta Hu Xinli sitere na College of Future Technology nke Peking University jikọtara ọnụ na-ebipụta otu isiokwu na Nature Metabolism, na-ekpughe ọrụ dị mkpa nke ụzọ lactic-GPR81 na ihe omume nke cachexia cancer, na-enye echiche ọhụrụ maka ọgwụgwọ cachexia. Anyị na-achịkọta nke a site n'ịmepụta akwụkwọ sitere na Nat Metab, Sayensị, Nat Rev Clin Oncol na akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọzọ.

A na-ebutekarị mbelata ibu site na mbelata oriri na/ma ọ bụ mmụba ume ike. Nnyocha ndị gara aga na-atụ aro na mgbanwe mgbanwe anụ ahụ ndị a na cachexia metụtara tumor bụ ụfọdụ cytokines zoro ezo site na microenvironment tumor. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe ndị dị ka ihe dị iche iche nke uto 15 (GDF15), lipocalin-2 na insulin-dị ka protein 3 (INSL3) nwere ike igbochi oriri nri site na ijikọta na saịtị nchịkwa nke agụụ na usoro nhụjuanya nke etiti, na-eduga na anorexia na ndị ọrịa. IL-6, PTHrP, activin A na ihe ndị ọzọ na-akpali mbelata ibu na atrophy anụ ahụ site na ịgbalite ụzọ catabolic na ịba ụba ume ike. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, nyocha banyere usoro cachexia elekwasịla anya na protein ndị a zoro ezo, na nyocha ole na ole etinyere aka na njikọ dị n'etiti metabolites tumor na cachexia. Prọfesọ Xiao Ruiping na onye nyocha Hu Xinli ewerela ụzọ ọhụrụ iji kpughee usoro dị mkpa nke cachexia metụtara etuto ahụ site n'echiche nke metabolites tumor.

Nke mbụ, ndị otu Prọfesọ Xiao Ruiping nyochara puku kwuru puku metabolites n'ime ọbara nke njikwa ahụike yana ụdị oke nke cachexia cancer akpa ume, wee chọpụta na lactic acid bụ metabolite kachasị elu na ụmụ oke nwere cachexia. Ọkwa ọbara lactic acid mụbara site na uto tumor, ma gosi njikọ siri ike na mgbanwe ịdị arọ nke ụmụ oke na-ebu etuto ahụ. Ihe nlele serum anakọtara site n'aka ndị ọrịa kansa akpa ume na-akwado na lactic acid na-ekerekwa òkè dị mkpa na ọganihu nke cachexia cancer mmadụ.

Iji chọpụta ma ọkwa dị elu nke lactic acid na-akpata cachexia, ndị otu nyocha ahụ na-ebuga lactic acid n'ọbara ụmụ oke ahụike site na mgbapụta osmotic nke etinyere n'okpuru akpụkpọ ahụ, na-ebuli ọkwa serum lactic acid na ọkwa ụmụ oke nwere cachexia. Mgbe izu 2 gachara, ụmụ oke ahụ mepụtara ụdị cachexia na-ahụkarị, dị ka mbelata ibu, abụba na anụ ahụ atrophy. Nsonaazụ ndị a na-egosi na mwegharị abụba na-akpata lactate yiri nke mkpụrụ ndụ kansa na-akpata. Lactate abụghị naanị njirimara metabolite nke cachexia cancer, kamakwa ọ bụ onye ogbugbo nke hypercatabolic phenotype kpatara ọrịa kansa.

Ọzọ, ha chọpụtara na ihichapụ onye na-anabata lactate GPR81 dị irè n'ibelata akpụ na serum lactate-induced cachexia manifestations na-enweghị emetụta ọkwa lactate serum. N'ihi na GPR81 na-egosipụta nke ukwuu na adipose anụ ahụ na mgbanwe na adipose anụ ahụ tupu skeletal muscle n'oge mmepe nke cachexia, kpọmkwem knockout mmetụta nke GPR81 na òké adipose anụ ahụ yiri nke systemic knockout, na-emezi tumor-akpata ibu ibu na abụba na skeletal muscle oriri. Nke a na-egosi na a chọrọ GPR81 n'ime anụ ahụ adipose maka mmepe nke cachexia cancer nke lactic acid na-ebugharị.

Nnyocha ndị ọzọ gosipụtara na mgbe ejikọtara GPR81, ụmụ irighiri mmiri lactic acid na-ebu ibu Browning, lipolysis na mmụba sistemu sistemu site na ụzọ akara Gβγ-RhoA/ROCK1-p38, kama ịbụ ụzọ PKA oge gboo.

N'agbanyeghị ihe ndị na-ekwe nkwa na pathogenesis nke cachexia metụtara ọrịa cancer, nchọpụta ndị a atụgharịbeghị n'ime ọgwụgwọ dị irè, n'ihi ya, ọ dịghị ụkpụrụ ọgwụgwọ ugbu a maka ndị ọrịa a, ma ụfọdụ obodo, dị ka ESMO na European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, emepụtawo ụkpụrụ nduzi ụlọ ọgwụ. Ugbu a, ntuziaka mba ụwa na-akwadosi ike ịkwalite metabolism na ibelata catabolism site na ụzọ dị ka nri nri, mmega ahụ na ọgwụ